Houthi attacks on Israel and US assets are driven by domestic objectives rather than a coordinated escalation by Iran to support Hamas. Disparate groups, such as Iran-backed militias in Syria and Iraq, are pursuing their own goals, with support for Palestine serving as a shared justification. The recent increase in military exchanges is due to the perception that the Biden administration does not want to be involved in a regional war and that Israel's security is a priority for the US. While Iran has the ability to rally various groups for a multifront war on Israel, it fears the catastrophic consequences for its regional assets and itself. The likelihood of Iran-backed groups sacrificing their domestic gains for Hamas is low, but further escalation could be driven by the ongoing Hamas-Israel war and the opportunities it presents for claiming local authority.