Amnesty International has released a report concluding that the Palestinian group Hamas committed crimes against humanity during its attack on southern Israel on October 7, 2023, and in its treatment of hostages taken to Gaza. The investigation, which included interviews with survivors, victims' families, and experts, as well as the review of extensive visual evidence, found that the crimes included murder, extermination, imprisonment, torture, rape, and other inhumane acts. The report states these actions were part of a systematic attack on civilians, with fighters allegedly instructed to target non-combatants. Hamas has denied the allegations and called for the report's retraction, while Israel's Foreign Ministry said the findings did not fully capture the scale of the atrocities.