India's strategic landscape in 2025 was defined by resilience and assertive decision-making amid global turbulence. The return of Donald Trump as president in the United States brought new challenges, including heightened tariffs and diplomatic friction, but India stood firm, seeking new markets and refusing to yield to external pressure. On the security front, India responded decisively to a major terror attack in Kashmir, launching unprecedented cross-border strikes into Pakistan and redefining its counter-terror posture.

Relations with China saw a cautious reset, with renewed dialogue and trade agreements, though border issues and China's regional ambitions continued to pose challenges. Russia remained a steadfast partner, with strengthened cooperation in energy, defence, and mobility, highlighted by President Putin's visit and new agreements. India's neighbourhood remained volatile, with political upheaval in Bangladesh and Nepal, ongoing tensions in Bhutan, and diplomatic outreach to Afghanistan and Sri Lanka.

Throughout the year, India demonstrated strategic autonomy and a refusal to be pressured, reinforcing its position as a confident regional power and setting the stage for further assertive engagement in 2026.