Australian authorities have uncovered links between a notorious tobacco crime boss and Iranian operatives in a series of anti-Semitic attacks, including the firebombing of a Melbourne synagogue. The government responded by expelling Iran's ambassador and suspending embassy operations in Tehran, while also designating Iran's Revolutionary Guard Corps as a terrorist group. Investigators believe Kazem 'Kaz' Hamad, who was deported to Iraq but continues to direct criminal activities in Australia, orchestrated the attacks to curry favour with the Iranian regime. Security officials described a complex network of intermediaries connecting Iranian interests to local criminal gangs, and warned that further investigations into other possible Iranian-linked attacks are ongoing. The government's response has faced criticism for being slow, with victims and community members expressing frustration over years of warnings about Iranian agents operating in Australia.