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Miroslaw Chojecki, Solidarity's 'Minister of Smuggling,' Dies at 76

Miroslaw Chojecki, a key figure in Poland's anti-Communist resistance, has died at 76. Known as Solidarity's 'minister of smuggling,' Chojecki supplied dissidents with banned books, leaflets, and equipment, including smuggling fax machines into Poland that helped Solidarity communicate during the pivotal 1989 elections. Starting as a chemist, he became a publisher and organizer, founding an underground press network that distributed forbidden literature and news across the country, often at great personal risk. After fleeing to Paris, he continued his clandestine work, supporting the movement from abroad and evading government crackdowns. Chojecki returned to Poland after the fall of Communism, where he remained active in media and cultural initiatives, and was honored with the nation's highest civilian award.

Original article source: https://www.nytimes.com/2025/11/26/world/europe/miroslaw-chojecki-dead.html
Source Id: 2025-11-905071320

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