Sixty years after Israel's last execution, the debate over capital punishment for terrorists has resurfaced following the October 7 attacks. While many believe the death penalty must be reinstated, the law already allows it for wartime crimes, yet it is never used due to entrenched prosecutorial resistance and bureaucratic maneuvering. Legal experts are divided: some see restraint as a mark of moral civilization, while others argue it signals a collapse of governance and political will. Despite new legislative efforts, critics say real change depends on ministers enforcing existing laws, not passing new ones, raising fundamental questions about who truly shapes Israeli policy—the lawmakers or the legal bureaucracy.