Newly declassified documents reveal that Josef Mengele, the notorious Nazi doctor responsible for horrific experiments at Auschwitz, lived openly in Argentina after the war, despite authorities being aware of his true identity. The files, released by the Argentinian president, detail how Mengele entered the country under a false name in 1949, later resuming use of his real identity and even requesting official documents. Authorities tracked his movements and knew of his whereabouts, but failed to apprehend him, sometimes due to press leaks or delayed decisions. Even after West Germany issued an arrest warrant and requested extradition, local officials refused, citing political reasons, allowing Mengele to escape to Paraguay and evade justice.