A newly published academic study reveals that the United States has provided at least $21.7 billion in military aid to Israel since the beginning of the Gaza war two years ago. The report, released on the anniversary of the October 7, 2023 attacks in Israel, details the scale of assistance under both the Biden and Trump administrations, with $17.9 billion given in the first year and $3.8 billion in the second. The study, along with a second report from Brown University, also estimates that the United States spent up to $12 billion on broader security operations in the Middle East during the same period, including strikes in Yemen and Iran.

The findings are based on open source data and congressional notifications, offering a comprehensive look at the costs of American military involvement in the region. The reports argue that U.S. support has been crucial for Israel's campaign against Hamas in Gaza and project tens of billions more in future aid under existing agreements. The release of these studies coincides with renewed diplomatic efforts to end the conflict, as indirect talks between Israeli and Hamas officials continue in Egypt.