The global arms control regime is weakening, with nuclear treaties expiring and rising geopolitical tensions prompting several countries to consider acquiring nuclear weapons. Japan, Saudi Arabia, and others are reassessing their security strategies amid doubts about longstanding alliances and growing threats from regional adversaries. Iran remains the most pressing proliferation risk, with its advanced missile capabilities and ambiguous nuclear ambitions, while Saudi Arabia and Japan are increasingly open to developing their own deterrents should regional threats escalate further. Other nations like South Korea, Poland, and Turkey are also weighing their options, with public opinion and strategic calculations shaping the likelihood of future nuclear proliferation.