Iran has expelled around 1.5 million Afghans amid a surge in anti-Afghan sentiment and allegations of espionage. Reports have surfaced of Afghan migrants facing harsh treatment, including physical abuse and accusations of spying for Israel, despite possessing legal documents. The situation escalated after Israeli attacks on Iranian facilities, with government statements and social media posts urging citizens to report suspicious activities, particularly targeting Afghans. Viral videos and widespread misinformation have fueled public calls for mass expulsions, with some Iranian media amplifying unsubstantiated claims of Afghan involvement in espionage and drone-making. Authorities later clarified that recent arrests of Afghans were due to immigration violations, not links to Israel, but the narrative had already spread widely online.