Israeli settlements in the West Bank and East Jerusalem are communities built on land internationally recognised as Palestinian territory. These settlements, authorised by the Israeli government but considered illegal under international law, have expanded rapidly since the October 2023 Hamas-led attacks, with more than 100 new outposts established and 22 new settlements approved.
The presence of settlers has led to increasing reports of violence and intimidation against Palestinians, with incidents rising sharply in recent months. Many Palestinians say they have been forced from their homes, while settlers claim a religious right to the land. The Israeli public remains divided over the impact of settlements on national security.
International condemnation has grown, with the United Nations documenting hundreds of attacks on Palestinian civilians and the UK government sanctioning Israeli officials for incitement. Despite this, many victims do not report violence, citing distrust of authorities and fear of retaliation.