Researchers at the Weizmann Institute have developed a new model that explains the longstanding mystery of why jet streams on Jupiter and Saturn blow eastward, while those on Uranus and Neptune blow westward. The study reveals that the direction of these powerful winds, which can reach speeds of up to 1,500 kilometers per hour, is linked to differences in the atmospheric depth of each planet. Despite sharing similar conditions such as low sunlight, moderate internal heat, and rapid rotation, the planets exhibit opposite wind patterns due to these subtle atmospheric variations. This breakthrough offers fresh insight into the complex dynamics of giant planet atmospheres.