Jet fuel prices in Europe have risen sharply since the start of the war in the Middle East, increasing by around half and raising fears of potential shortages. Supplies of Jet A-1, the main fuel used for international flights, have fallen significantly as shipments from the Gulf region slow, leaving Europe particularly exposed due to its reliance on imports.

Industry officials have suggested that Jet A, the type of fuel commonly used in the United States, could help ease pressure on supply. While Jet A has a higher freezing point than Jet A-1, airlines in North America regularly operate in very cold conditions by using additives and careful flight planning. Increased shipments from the United States are already helping, although refinery limitations restrict how much Jet A-1 can be produced there.

The European Union Aviation Safety Agency has said that introducing Jet A in Europe would not pose safety concerns if properly managed, but warned that poor coordination or inconsistent fuel availability across airports could create operational risks. International Airlines Group, the owner of British Airways, said it currently faces no fuel shortages but cautioned that prolonged conflict could disrupt global jet fuel supplies.