The Jewish community was the most frequently targeted group in extremist or terrorist threats in Belgium in 2025, according to the annual report of the Coordination Unit for Threat Analysis. Political authorities ranked as the second most common target. Although the total number of reported threats fell from 213 in 2024 to 157 in 2025, Jewish organizations indicated that not all incidents were formally reported to police.

Islamist extremism remained the largest threat category, accounting for 39 percent of all reports. About one quarter of the cases were linked to foreign affairs, including tensions between diaspora communities and threats involving embassies. Right-wing extremist threats made up 13 percent of reports and doubled compared to the previous year, though authorities said this rise did not necessarily reflect a proportional increase in violent intent.

Left-wing extremism accounted for 4 percent of reports and was largely associated with mobilization around the war in Gaza, including acts of vandalism targeting companies and institutions linked to Israel. The report also noted that some extremist actors attempted to exploit the conflict in Gaza and the West Bank for propaganda and recruitment purposes. Anti-immigration views, antisemitism, and conspiracy theories were identified as significant drivers across various extremist ideologies.