The annual Hajj pilgrimage has begun in Makkah, with more than 1.5 million pilgrims arriving from outside Saudi Arabia to take part in one of the Five Pillars of Islam. Despite intense regional tensions and a fragile ceasefire linked to the conflict involving Iran, the faithful have gathered in large numbers, expressing gratitude and spiritual devotion as they fulfill a once-in-a-lifetime religious obligation.

Pilgrims have been performing rituals in sweltering heat, circling the Kaaba at the Grand Mosque and preparing to travel to Mina’s vast tent city. Volunteers are distributing water and mist to help worshippers cope with high temperatures. The pilgrimage will culminate on the plain of Arafat, where pilgrims will pray, seek forgiveness and make supplications in what is considered the spiritual peak of the journey.

Geopolitical uncertainty has affected travel planning in several countries. Authorities in Indonesia have emphasized contingency measures to shield pilgrims from rising costs, while higher fuel prices in India have increased travel expenses. Meanwhile, global energy markets remain unsettled amid ongoing tensions, adding a complex backdrop to this year’s pilgrimage, which continues to symbolize unity among Muslims of diverse backgrounds.